The distance protection relay used in this test bench is MiCOM P443. It has 8 CT inputs and 4 PT inputs.

These CT and PT inputs provides the status of line which is then compared with the protection settings and then isolate the line from the abnormal condition. The relay has all protection functions embedded which are processed numerically from current inputs and voltage input. It has 16 binary inputs optically coupled and 24 binary outputs which can be used for tripping the breakers etc.

The relay is programmable to suite the requirement at site. In this panel, the relays are configured or programmed to suit the testing of all protection functions available in the relay. Before the start of the relay testing, the protection setting must be completed. The protection settings for each function such as impedance, for example can be calculated by considering any conductor of the line say 220kV for instance

Line impedance protection testing

During normal operation these CTs and PTs provide the current and voltage of the line to the relay which detects the faults.

•Distance (21P/21G)

•Directional and non-directional Overcurrent (67/50/51 P)

•Directional and non-directional Earth fault (67N/50N/51N)

•Negative sequence Overcurrent (46)

•Broken Conductor detection (46BC)

•Power swing Blocking (68)

•Out-of-step (78)

•Thermal Overload (49)

•Under-voltage (27)

•Over-voltage (59)

•Under-and Over-frequency (81U/O/R )

•Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF)

•Auto-reclosing (79)

•Check Synchronism (25)

•Fault Locator (FL)

•Event and Trip Logs

The Buzzer will turn on when a fault happens in the system

The generator protection relay used in this test bench is MiCOM P343. It is having 8 CT inputs and 4 PT inputs.

These CT and PT inputs provides the status of generators which is then compared with the protection settings and then isolate the generator from the abnormal condition. The relay has all protection functions embedded which are processed numerically from current inputs and voltage input. It has 16 binary inputs optically coupled and 14 binary outputs which can be used for tripping the breakers etc.

The relay is programmable to suite the requirement at site. In this panel, the relays are configured or programmed to suite the testing of all protection functions available in the relay. The relay outputs and inputs are programmable.

Before start of the relay testing, the protection setting must be completed. The protection settings for each function such as differential, impedance, for example can be calculated by considering any rating of the generator say 84MW for instance

Simulates the function of a real-time circuit breaker

This is used to reset the numerical relay after each test

•Genertor Differential (87G)

•Reverse Power (32)

•Field Failure (40)

•Directional and non-directional Overcurrent (67/50/51)

•Negative sequence Overcurrent (46)

•Thermal Overload (49)

•Underimpedance(21)

•Rotor earth fault protection (64R)

•Third-harmonic type 100% Sator earthfault (27TN/59TN )

•Out-of-step (78)

•Under-voltage (27)

•Over-voltage (59)

•Negative Phase Sequence (47)

•Under-and Over-frequency (81U/O)

•Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF)

•Check Synchronism (25)

•Event and Trip Logs

This component is used to connect test signal to the relay from the primary injection kit

Left Inputs

Right Feedback

The Buzzer will turn on when a fault happens in the system

The bus bar protection relay used in this test bench is MiCOM P746. It is having 7 CT inputs. In this, only 4 CT inputs are used in the test bench. These CT inputs provides the status of bus bar which is then compares incoming R-phase current to outgoing R-phase current to achieve differential and bias current. These differential and bias current use for detecting fault and then isolate the bus bar from the abnormal condition. It also has binary inputs which are optically coupled and binary outputs which can be used for tripping the breakers etc.

The relay is programmable to suite the requirement at site. In this panel, the relays are configured or programmed to suite the testing of all protection functions available in the relay.

Simulates the function of a real-time circuit breaker

This component is used to connect test signal to the relay from the primary injection kit

This is used to reset the numerical relay after each test

The transformer protection relay used in this test bench is MiCOM P642. It is having 8 CT inputs and 1 PT inputs. These CT and PT inputs provide the status of transformer which is then compared with the protection settings and then isolate the transformer from the abnormal condition. The relay has all protection functions embedded which are processed numerically from current inputs and voltage input. It has 8 binary inputs optically coupled and 8 binary outputs which can be used for tripping the breakers etc.

The relay is programmable to suite the requirement at site. In this panel, the relays are configured or programmed to suite the testing of all protection functions available in the relay.

Before start of the relay testing, the protection setting must be completed. The protection settings for each function such as differential, impedance, for example can be calculated by considering any rating of the transformer say 20MVA for instance.

For simulating different protection functions, such as directional and non-directional faults, broken conductor, and thermal overload.

From left to right:

Pressure Relief Valve

Oil Temperature Indicator (OTI)

Winding Temperature Indicator (WTI)

Buchholz Relay

Circuit Breaker

Transformer Differential (87T)

•Directional and non-directional Overcurrent (67/50/51)

•Negative sequence Overcurrent (46)

•Thermal Overload (49)

•Restricted Earth Fault (64)

•Over-fluxing (24)

•Under-voltage (27)

•Over-voltage (59)

•Negative Phase Sequence (47)

•Under-and Over-frequency (81U/O)

•Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF)